Chronic Heart & Lung Conditions (COPD, CHF)

Warning Signs to Watch For:

• Shortness of breath (worse than usual)
• Swelling in legs, ankles, or abdomen
• Rapid weight gain (2–3 lbs in a day or 5 lbs in a week)
• Fatigue or new difficulty with daily activities
• Preventive Actions:
• Use prescribed inhalers and diuretics as directed
• Track weight and symptoms daily
• Keep follow-up appointments with cardiologist or pulmonologist
• Get vaccinated (flu, pneumonia, RSV if eligible)

Diabetes & Blood Sugar Emergencies

Warning Signs to Watch For:

• Excessive thirst or urination
• Confusion, shakiness, sweating (hypoglycemia)
• Nausea, vomiting, fruity breath (possible DKA)
• Skipping meals or insulin due to fear of side effects
• Preventive Actions:
• Check blood sugar regularly
• Have a sick-day plan in place
• Know the signs of low and high blood sugar
• Talk to your provider before making any insulin or med changes

Multimorbidity: Hypertension & Osteoarthritis

Warning Signs to Watch For:

• Blood pressure swings (very high or low)
• Joint pain that limits walking or balance
• Dizziness when standing
• Avoiding movement due to pain or instability
• Preventive Actions:
• Review meds with your provider regularly
• Manage pain to maintain mobility and independence
• Use assistive devices (canes, braces) if needed
• Stay physically active in safe ways (gentle stretching, walking)

Falls & Frailty

Warning Signs to Watch For:

• Recent fall or near-miss
• Weak grip strength or slow walking
• Feeling tired after simple tasks
• Muscle loss or unintentional weight loss
• Preventive Actions:
• Ask about a fall-risk screening or frailty assessment
• Remove tripping hazards at home (rugs, cords)
• Ensure good lighting and grab bars in bathrooms
• Consider physical therapy to improve strength and balance

Hearing Loss

Warning Signs to Watch For:

• Asking others to repeat themselves often
• Difficulty following conversations, especially in groups
• Not responding to alarms, doorbells, or timers
• Feeling isolated or withdrawn
• Preventive Actions:
• Schedule regular hearing checks
• Use hearing aids or amplifiers as prescribed
• Bring a trusted family member to appointments for backup
• Let providers know if hearing is a concern

General Tips to Reduce Preventable Hospitalizations

Keep a health journal (symptoms, weight, BP, blood sugar)

Speak up early if something feels “off”

Keep a current medication list and bring it to all appointments

Have regular check-ins with your primary care provider

Learn the early signs of serious complications for your conditions

Plan ahead for safe living environments (especially after discharge)